Method of fastening and product thereof



Jan. 7, 1930. G. GoDDU 1,742,502

METHOD OF FASTENlNG AND PRODUCT THEREOF Original Filed July 5, 1924 Patented Jan. 7, 1930 ,UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE GEORGE GODDU, 0I' WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 UNITED SHOEIA.-

`CHINEBY CORPORATION, 0F PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION vOil' NEW JERSEY METHOD 0F FASTENING AND PRODUCT THEREOF Original application led July 3, 1924, Serial No. 724,135. Divided and this application led Jnly 11, 1928.

Serial Ifo. 291,881.

This invention relates to methods of fastening and the product thereof, this application being a division of a copending application Serial No. 724,135, filed on July 3,1924.

In one of its aspects the invention has 1n view the provision of an improved method of fastening an upper to an insole before the outsole is applied, in the manufacture, for example, of shoes of that type in which the margin of the upper is secured in lasted position in substantially parallel relation to the outer or bottom face of the insole preparatory to the fastening of an outsole directly to the margin of the upper by suitable means, as by through-and-through stitches penetrating, at least at the time of their insertion, to the inside of the shoe. In the manufacture of shoes of that type it is desirable to avoid the presence along the sides of the insole of upper-securing fastenings, such as tacks, clinched as commonly heretofore on the inside of the shoe.

The present invention, in one important aspect, accordingly provides a novel and improved method of fastening an upper to an insole by fastenings that are anchored in the insole Without being clinched on its inner face. In accordance with the procedure herein illustrated different portions of each fastening are acted upon successively in the driving of the fastening to curve them in substantially the same degree before the different respective portions enter the shoe materials, so that the portions of the fastening that enter the shoe have a predetermined regular curvature such as to insure that the fastening will be anchored in definite relation to the thickness of the i11- sole. Preferably, the fastening is curved in such degree that its entering end is directed reversely toward the bottom face of the insole, thus insuring that the end of the fastening will not work up into the interior' of the shoe in the wear of the shoe, and as illustrated also thecurvature is such that the fastening does not penetrate entirely through the insole. The fastening herein shown is thus anchored in the intact substance or body of the insole, as distinguished from a lip or from any part weakened by a channel or other incision. In accordance, further, with the procedure illustrated, the fastening is driven by force applied in a direction inclined to the bottom face of the insole and is curved in such manner that it enters the shoe materials in a direction substantially perpendicular to that face and then follows a path leading lback substantially in the opposite direction from that of the drive.

While the invention is thus disclosed herein in its application to the fastening of uppers to insoles, it will be recognized that in a more general aspect the invention proyides a novel method of anchoring fastenings which is not limited in utility to the fastening of uppers nor to shoe manufacture. Such utility is especially evident where conditions are such that it is inconvenient, impracticable or undesirable to anchor a fastcnino by clinching it on any surface of the Wor as, for example, where the surface of the work on the opposite side from that into which the fastening is driven 1s not conveniently accessible, where the work is thicker than the length of the fastening, or where it is undesirable to have the fastening penetrate, as it might, entirely through the work. While in many of its aspects the invention 1s not limited as to `the character of the fastemngs utilized, it is herein disclosed in its application to the use of staples. In fas- Lening an upper to an insole, for example, there are substantial advantages in the use of fine wire staples, since fastenings of that character are amply effective as holding means for the upper and at the same time neither detract appreciably from the iiexibility of the shoe nor are otherwise objectionable as permanent parts of the shoe. As herein illustrated the legs of each staple are curved in planes that are substantially perpendicular to the cross-bar to anchor them, although in its more general aspects the invention is not limited to curving the legs in' this particular relation to the cross-bar.

In accordancev also with a feature of the invention there is provided an improvement in shoe construction. As will be evident from the foregoin discussion, a shoe made as herein disclosed as its u per firmly secured to the insole and yet is fi'ee from metallic fastenings clinched on the inner face of the insole in the locations of the side-lasting tacks commonly used heretofore in making shoes of the through-and-through sewed type. It will also be recognized that in the wear of a shoe in which the upper-securing fastenings are curved within the insole as herein illustrated to direct their ends toward the outsole, .or away from the wearers foot, there is no danger whatsoever that the ends of the fastenings will work up into the interior of the shoe and cause discomfort or injury to the wearer.

In a more general aspect, the invention presents novelt and utility in the relation of. a fastening or astenings, anchored as herein disclosed, to work comprising different layers of material secured together thereby, having regard particularly to effective anchorage of the fastenings without such objections as there may be under some conditions to the use of fastenlngs clinched in the manner common heretofore.

The invention will now be more particularly described with reference to the accompan g drawin s and thereafter pointed out in t e claims. illustrate the novel method as carried out by the aid of operating instrumentalities which are a part of a side-lasting machine of the step- -step type shown and described in a copen ing application Serial N 0.7 24,136,1iled on July 3, 1924, but it is to be understood that the invention is not dpendent upon the use4 of instrumentalities o the particular character shown.

In the drawings,

Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate different successive o erations performed by a machine of the c aracter disclosed in the above-mentioned application preparatory to the fastening of the upper to the insole;

Figs. 3 and v4 illustrate the progressive driving and curving of a staple to fasten the upper 1n accordance with the method of this invention;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of a partially completed shoe the upper of which has been fastened along the sides by use of the novel method; n

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a portionof the shoe after the fastening of the out sole to the insole by through-and-through stitches; and

Fig. 7 illustrates more clearly, on an enlarged scale, the relation of the staple to the up er and the insole.

en the method of this invention is utilized in fastening upper materials to an insole at the time of the side-lasting of a shoe by the use, for example, of instrumentalities such as included in the machine shown inthe or convenience the drawings,

above-mentioned application Serial No. 724,- 136, it will be understood that an insole a and ulpper` materials b (hereinafter referred to inc usively as the upper) will first have been assembled on a last and subjected to suchk treatment as is customary rior to the sidelasting operation. Therea ter, pre aratory to the fastening of the upper in eacii lasting location, the upper is pulled by a gripper 2, as shown in Fig. 1, while the shoe is positloned in engagement with a sole rest 4 and an edge gage 6, and the 'marginal portion of 'the upper is then pressed down upon the outer or bottom -face of the insole as illustrated in Fig. 2 by means comprising a staple-guiding member or nozzle 8 and a staple delector 10 which are moved inwardly together over the bottom of the shoe in a direction inclined to the plane of the insole. A staple c of fine wire is then driven through the upper and into the insole with its cross-bar substantially parallel to the edge of the in'sole by a staple driver 12 movable in a guideway in the nozzle member 8. Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate successive stages in the driving of the staple. The staple utilized has substantially straight leg portions, as shown in Fig. 2, and the driver 12 moves in a direction or line at the same inclination to the plane of the insole as the direction ofthe inward movement of the members 8 and 10 over the shoe. The deflector 10, located at the same side of the work from which the staple is driven, is in the path of the legs of the staple thus driven and is so shaped and arranged as to act, during the driving of the staple into the shoe,upon different portions of the legs successively before the different respective portions enter the shoe materials to bend or deflect them substantially throughout their lengths in a positively predetermined degree out of the line of drive 1n planes herein illustrated as substantially perpendicular to the cross-bar of thestaple, in such manner as to cause the legs to enter the shoe materials in substantially perpendicular relation to the plane of the insole and then to follow, from the points where they enter the shoe, re ularly curved paths in the materials leading ack 1n a direction substantially opposite to that of the drive. As herein shown the legs of the staple are curved or deflected in arcs of such radius that Without penetrating to the inner face of the insole their ends return toward the same surface of the work at which they entered, so that they are directed reversely toward the bottom face of the insole, the legs as herein illustrated forming substantially half-circles in the shoe. The ends of the legs thus defiected may or may not emerge from the bottom face of the insole, since in either event they are embedded in or covered by the shoe bottom materials after the outsole is applied. As herein shown the legs of the staples are curved or deflected outwardly toward the adjacent edge of the shoe cision nor forms a projection from the body of the insole, and that secure anchorage for the legs of the staples is thus afforded. By reason of the accurate predetermmatlon of the curvature of the staple legs independently of resistance of the shoe materials, it is practicable to utilize a comparatively thin and flexible insole without penetration of the fastenings entirely through the insole.

It will be understood that in the completion of a shoe of the through-and-through sewed type, after the side portions of the upper have been fastened to the insole 1n the manner above described and after the toe and heel ends have been lasted, an outsole d is applied, a filler e being inserted between the insole and the outsole, if desired. Thereafter the last is removed and the outsole is secured to the insole by through-and-through stitches f located between the row of staples c and the adjacent edge of the insole.

It will be appreciated that the manner disclosed of fastening the upper to the insole, for example in through-and-through sewed Work, is such as to avoid the presence of clinched metallic fastenings on the inner face of the insole in the locations of the side-lasting tacks commonly used heretofore. A very advantageous characteristic of the shoe, in addition to that just indicated, is that the ends or points of the metallic fastenings are directed reversely toward the outsole, so that there is no danger in the wear of the shoe that the ends of these fastenings Amay work up into the interior of the shoe.

While the invention is illustrated and described with particular reference to the manufacture of shoes of the through-and-through sewed type, it is considered that in various aspects the invention may be utilized to ad'- vantage in the manufacture of other types of shoes; and the term sole is accordingly used in many of the claims in a generic sense to include both the insole of a shoe of the through-and-through sewed type or of other types and also that part which in some types of shoes may be the single sole or the outsole. Furthermore, the expression bottom of the sole isused with reference to that face of the sole which is outermost at the time of the lasting of the shoe regardles of its position in the completed shoe.

The expression laterally of the cross-bar used in some of the claims to define the directionof the bending orcurving of the staple legs is intended to s1 ify a direction which is transverse to the p ane determined by the legs and the cross-bar before the bending of the legs takes place.

The novel means herein disclosed for driving and anchoring fastenings is claimed in a copending application Serial No. 198,179, filed on June 11, 1927.

Having describedv the invention and vset -forth fully how the method may be practised, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a fastening throu h the upper and into the bottom of the sole and simultaneously deflecting it out of the line of drive in a path curved from the point where it enters the sole in such degree as to direct the end of the fastening reversely toward the bottom face of the sole without penetrating its inner face.

2. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a fastening through the upper and into the sole, and in the driving operationbending different portions of the fastening successively before they. enter the sole insuch manner as to give substantially the same degree of curvature to all portions of the fastening in the sole.

3. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a fastening on an incline to the plane of the sole, and in the driving operation bending different portions of the fastening successively before they enter the shoe materials to cause the fastening to enter said materials in substantially perpendicular relation to' the plane of the sole and then to take a curved path in the sole. 4 4. That improvement in methods'of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a fastening by force applied onan incline to the plane ofthe sole in a direction inwardly from the edge of the sole,and in the driving operation bending different portions of the fastening successively before they enter the shoe materials in such direction as to cause the fastening to take a curvedpath in the sole outwardly toward the edge of the sole.

5: That improvementin methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in drlving a staple through the upper and into the ad]acent face of `the sole in a direction transverse to the plane of the sole, and anchoring the staple in the intact substance of the sole by bending its legs laterally of the cross-bar of the staple without penetrating the opposite face of the sole. s

6. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a staple through the upper and into stantially parallel to the edge of thesole, and

" the intact substance of curvm throug lout their lengths in planes transverse to the cross-bar of the staple to anchor the staple in the sole. v

7. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists indriving a staple through the upper and the bottom face of the sole, and anchoring the staple by bending its legs vsubstantially throughout their lengths laterally of the cross-bar to give them asubstantially regular curvature in the sole determined independently of the resistance'of the shoe materials and such as not to penetrate the inner face of the sole.-

8. That improvement inmethods offastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a staple through the upper and into the sole, and in the driving of the staple directing its legs in paths of such curvature as to cause the ends of said legs to return toward the same face of the sole at which they entered Without penetrating the opposite face of the sole.

9. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a staple having substantially straight legs and in the driving operation bendlng diilerent before the different respective portions enter the shoe materials to cause the legs to follow curved paths in said materials.

10. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a fastening through the upper and into the sole and in the driving operation bending the fastening to direct it, from the point Where it enters the sole, in a curved path such as to cause its entering end to return toward that surface of the sole where it entered.

11. That improvement in methods of fastening an upper to a sole which consists in driving a fastening through the upper and into the sole and'in the driving operation deflecting the fastening progressively out of the line of drive by engaging it at the same side of the Work from which it is driven to cause its end portion to follow in the sole a curved path leading back in a direction substantially opposite to that of the drive.

12: That improvement in methods of anchorlng a fastening in a piece of Work which consists in acting upon different straight portions of the fastening successively as the fastening is being driven into the Work to impart to said different portions a curvature of predetermined degree before they enter the work. Y

13. That improvement in methods of anchoring a fastening in a piece of work which consists in driving the fastening into the work and while driving it bending all portions of it that enter the work to such a degree as to cause its entering end to be di- `the legsof the staple substantially portions of said legs successively rected reversely toward that surface ofthe work at which it entered.

14. That improvement in methods of anchoring a fastening in a piece of Work which consists in driving it on an incline to the surface of the work and as it is being driven bending it by engaging it at the same side of the Work from which it is driven so that it enters the work in substantially perpendicular relation to said surface and then takes a curved path in the Work leading back in the opposite direction from that of the drive.

15. -That improvement in methods of anchoring a staple in a piece of Work which consists in driving a staple With straight legs on an incline to the surface of the Work, and in the driving of the staple deflecting its legs progressively to cause them to enter the Work in substantially perpendicular relation to said surface and then to take curved paths in the Work.A

16. That improvement in methods' of an-` choring a staple in a piece of Work which consists in acting upon all portions of the legs of the staple that enter the Work to bend them in planes substantially perpendicular to the cross-bar of the staple.

17. That improvement in methods of anchoring a fastening in a piece of work which consists in driving the fastening in a direction inclined to that surface of the work into which it is driven and, by engaging the fastening at the same side of the work from which it is driven, deflecting it in the driving operation to cause it to enter the -Work in a direction at an angle to that of the drive and then to. follow in the Work a path leading back in the opposite direction from that of the drive. s

18. That improvement in methods of anchoring a staple in a piece of Work which consists in driving the staple in a direction inclined to that surface of the Work into which it is driven and, by engaging the legs of the staple at the same side of the Work from which it is driven, deilecting them in the driving operation laterally of the cross-bar to cause them to enter the Work in directions at an angle to that of the drive and then to follow in the Work paths leading back in the opposite direction from thatV of the drive.

19. Th choring a staple in a piece of work which consists in detlecting the legs of the staple laterally of the cross-bar in the staple-driving operation by engaging them at the same side of the work from which the staple is driven to cause them to enter'the work in directions at an angle to that of the drive and then to follow curved paths in the work.

20. A shoe provided with an-insole and an outsole and having as a permanent part thereof metallic fastenings securing the upper to the bottom face of the insole, said astenings having their shank portions emat improvement in methods of anl bedded in the intact substance of the insole without penetrating its inner face and having their ends directed reversely toward the outsole.

21. A shoe provided with an insole and an outsole and having as la permanent part thereof metallic fastenings securing the upper to the bottom face of the insole, said fastenings having their shank portions extending into the insole and curved substantially throughout. their lengths in arcs of such radius that their ends are directed reversely toward the outsole.

22. A shoe provided with an insole and an outsole and having as a permanent part thereof staples securing the upper to the bottom face of the insole, said staples having their leg portions extending into the insole in paths of such curvature as to direct their ends reversely toward the outsole Without penetrating the inner face of the insole.

23. A shoe provided with an insole and an outsole and having as a permanent part thereof staples securing the upper to the bottom face of the insole, the legs of said staples being curved substantially throughout their lengths laterally of the cross-bars to anchor them in the shoe.

24. A shoe of thetype in which an outsole is secured to an insole by through-andthrough stitches, having as a permanent part thereof lasting staples of fine wire securing the upper to the bottom face of the insole, the legs of said staples being curved substantially throughout their lengths laterally of the cross-bar of the staples and in such paths as to direct the ends of said legs reversely toward the outsole.

25. A shoe of the type in which an outsole is secured to an insole by through-andthrough stitches. having as a permanent part thereof metallic fastenings securing the upper to the bottom face of the insole and curved substantially throughout their lengths inside of the line of stitches in arcs of such radius as to direct the ends of the fastenings reverselv toward the outsole.

26. The combination with a plurality of layers of material, of a metallic fastening securing said layers together in parallel relation, the shank portion of said fastening beingcurved substantiallythroughout its length in said material to form substantially a half circle with its entering end directed reverselv toward that surface of the material at which it entered.

27. The combination with a plurality of layers of material, of a metallic fastening securing said lavers together. said fastening being anchored bv substantially regular curvature thereof throughout the length of its shank portion within the intact substance of the material in such degree as to direct its entering end reverselv toward that surface of the material at which it entered Without penetrating entirely layers.

28. The combination with a plurality of layers of material, of a staple securing said layers together, said staple having its legs curved substantially throughout their lengths in said material in planes substantially perpendicular to the cross-bar of the staple.

29. The combination with a plurality of layers of material, of a staple securing said layers together, said staple having its legs curved substantially throughout their lengths in said material laterally of the cross-bar of the staple and in such degree that their ends are directed reversely toward that surface of the material at which they entered.

30. The combination With a plurality of layersof material, of a staple securing said layers together, said staple having its legs curved in the material laterally of the crossbar substantialy throughout their lengths in arcs forming substantially half circles.

31. A shoe having its upper secured in lasted relation to a sole by staples anchored by curvature -of their legs laterally of their cross-bars in the intact substance of the sole Without extending entirely through the sole.

32. A shoe of the type in which an outsole is secured directly to the margin of an upper lying in parallel relation to the bottom face of an insole, having as a permanent part thereof staples securing the upper to the bottom face of the'insole, the legs of said staples being curved substantially throughout their lengths in such paths as to direct their ends reversely toward the outsole Without penetrating the inner face of the insole.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

GEORGE GODDU.

through said different 

